Theme Of Isolation In To Kill A Mockingbird - 1390 Words

In To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper Lee shows the effects of long-term isolation through the character Boo Radley. Isolation, meaning a state in which, one is completely alone. Isolation has been proven to cause different health-related issues such as a heart disease, premature deaths, and many mental issues. In the story To Kill A Mockingbird, author Harper Lee displays to readers the effects of long-term isolation and the involvement of people with mental disabilities in society in the 1930s. Nowadays, treatment for people with mental issues would be drastically different from the past in areas of, support and acceptance, drugs therapy, and many other therapies. In the beginning of the 20th century, many mentally incapacitated people had†¦show more content†¦Many children who struggle with social experiences fail to connect with classmates, leading to many of them dropping out of school. This action, in most cases, leading to delinquency and anti-social behavior. In Boo Radle ys case, he was never an anti-social child being described as a nice boy by Miss Maudie. When the children received gifts from Boo in the oak tree, they receive a spelling bee medal which they assume he won when he was younger. This example shows that as a child Boo did not exhibit any social development issues until his parents chose to keep him locked at home. Later in his high school years, Boo got involved with the wrong group and ends up getting in trouble with the law. His parents were left with a decision, let Boo be put to trial or to keep him at home. They decided to keep him locked up at home which, is the start of Boos isolation from society and the beginning of the end to his group mental development. In modern days, the way to treat from slow social growth in ways to prohibit future mental issues is overall, support from people. The best treatment for isolation issues is to have the person in isolation feel like they have a support system who will not judge them. Of course, not every support group has every single person leave completely cured. More severe cases of isolation can lead to mental and physical complications. An example ofShow MoreRelatedEssay On Discrimination In To Kill A Mockingbird859 Words   |  4 Pagesis from, they deserve to be treated just like everyone else. Society usually affects natural biases. Influenced by society, prejudice is the theme which prevails, drastically affecting people’s lives in To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee and â€Å"Caged Bird† by Maya Angelou. Isolation, or feeling isolated is an effect of prejudice. In Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird, Arthur Radley is a character who has never been seen outside of his house for years. Thus, rumors and assumptions about Radley stabbing oneRead MoreHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird816 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee focuses on many themes but courage is mostly shown in the novel. In the novel, there are many examples where the characters have shown courage even when he/she knows that he/she is going to lose it. Atticus Finch is a great example of showing courage in the novel. He shows great courage because he defends a black man even though he knows he is going to lose the case. Another example of showing courage is Mrs. Dubose. She shows courage because she wantsRead MoreInate Evil to Kill a Mocking Bird and Lord of the Flies Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesThe capacity for humans to do good and evil portrayed in the novels To Kill a Mockingbird by Ha rper Lee and Lord of the Flies by William Golding (title subject to change) It is generally known that human beings have the power and the means to help and love one another as well as the complete opposite in hatred and destruction. These two novels deal with the theme of good vs. evil in their own respective ways. One concentrates on the affect of discrimination and negligence and naivety that allowsRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1394 Words   |  6 Pages To Kill A Mockingbird, written by Harper Lee, is a tale of the reality of growing up in a community involving racial segregations and stereotypes. The story takes place in the 1930s during the early stages of the Great Depression in Maycomb County, Alabama. Scout Finch, the main character, lives with her brother Jem, widowed father Atticus, and Calpurnia, the house cook, in a cozy home that only allows love and happiness to seep through its walls and marinate in the streets that are filled withRead MoreMans Inhumanity to Man Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesthousands mourn! This phrase has been displayed throughout history including in the times in which the book To Kill a Mockingbird was written. The two main examples of this include the tragedy of the Jews in World War II and the African Americans during the slave trade, and throughout time. The phrase mans inhumanity to man is one of the major themes of the book To Kill a Mockingbird. Throughout the book is examples of inhumane acts that even children recognize. Similarities and differences betweenRead MoreEdward Scissorhands Connected with to Kill a Mockingbird1468 Words   |  6 PagesSpecialist Mrs Brindal, 2007 Jacqueline Bonsell, 1101 Word Count: 1,397 Compare the ways in which the authors of two texts explore how society treats people who are different. The texts Edward Scissorhands - directed by Tim Burton - and To Kill a Mockingbird - a controversial novel written by Harper Lee - both explore the ways in which society treats people who are not like them whether it is because they look or act different. Both texts demonstrate how a misunderstood character can be quicklyRead MoreComparison of Two Texts, â€Å"One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest† and â€Å"to Kill a Mocking Bird†1914 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"One flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest† and â€Å"To Kill a Mocking Bird† | How do the authors of To Kill a Mockingbird and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest use literary techniques to explore the concepts of isolation? Isolation and courage in the form of racism and discrimination is an analogous concept explored in Harper Lee’s novel To Kill a Mockingbird and Ken Kesey’s novel One flew over the cuckoo’s nest. The authors exemplify the conflicts of isolation displayed by the protagonists and glorifiesRead MoreThe Theme Of Prejudice In To Kill A Mockingbird1295 Words   |  6 PagesThe Theme of Prejudice in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird Abigail Gebail ENG 2DO Mrs. Daltoe Read MoreAnalysis Of Of Mice And Men 1959 Words   |  8 Pages In both of the novels, prejudice, in all its forms, is a key theme throughout; especially in the relation to the destruction of the innocent. In Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird, the innocent characters (or ‘mockingbirds’) are generally characters who are misunderstood by the harsh society in 1930s America. This ranges from a lack of understanding or knowledge about mental illness in the case of Boo Radley, to pure racism in the case of Tom Robinson. In Of Mice And Men, there is a bigger focus on sexismRead MoreAnalysis Of Of Mice And Men 1839 Words   |  8 Pagesand the reasons behind actions. Of Mice and Men and To Kill a Mockingbird both have a cyclical structure to them. In Of Mice and Men, it begins with George and Lennie by the pond, and it also ends in the same area. This gives the impression that circumstances have changed and, considering the fact that the descriptions are different, the opening scene could be seen to foreshadow the events that are to follow and lead up to. To Kill a Mockingbird is similar in structure to Of Mice and Men, but it is

Schizophrenia And Schizotypal Mental Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia and schizotypal are mental personality disorders that directly distort a person’s ability to connect with and function in reality. These disorders have found themselves front and center in the media through tv shows and movies that portray individuals suffering from these disorders as dangerous and violent psychopaths. While the majority of people who suffer from these disorders are never violent, there are some very infamous serial killers who suffered from the disorder. The most famous of these violent serial killers who suffered from schizophrenia, may be David Berkowitz or the â€Å"Son of Sam†. Berkowitz would eventually be diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, after a killing six people in New York City from 1976 to 1977. When asked why, Berkowitz told authorities that he had received the commands to kill from his neighbor s dog. While it is rare that someone who suffers from schizophrenia will become a serial killer, it does provide a great deal of social stigma and fear regarding the disorder. We can eliminate some of this fear though, through researching the disorder and a better understanding of what this disorder is and how it can be treated. The National Institute of Mental Health defines schizophrenia as â€Å"a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves†. This disorder can cause a person to suffer from hallucinations, hearing voices, and extreme paranoia. However, the first step to understanding thisShow MoreRelatedWith New Discoveries That Are Made Every Day, The Science1134 Words   |  5 Pagespsychological disorders, the list of possible diagnoses has exponentially increased from the original general categories. Likewise, as psychology as a practice exposed the dimensions of the human mind, it established the fine–tuned disorders that be found in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association. A prime ex ample is Schizotypal Personality Disorder. As a relatively recent concept, Schizotypal Personality Disorder (STPD) is a disorder that couldRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia810 Words   |  4 Pages6- Regards own reputation as under attack and quick to strike back at others (APA, 2013). A.7- Suspicious that spouse or partner is unfaithful and due to infidelity (APA, 2013). B. Symptoms do not occur only during episodes of schizophrenia, bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic effects and is not caused by another medical or psychological condition (APA, 2013). ASSOCIATED FEATURES: *Usually those with PPD have trouble creating relationships. *They may be overly argumentative and belligerentRead MoreEssay on Personality Disorders and Deviant Behavior1235 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality Disorders and Deviant Behavior People who suffer from personality disorders often display deviant behavior. The mental illness itself is not deviant. They typically have problems with social skills, mood swings, emotional states, and are often unable to maintain healthy, stable relationships. Many sufferers do not possess the capability to have genuine emotions, including empathy for others. A personality disorder is the basis of many circumstances of maladaptive behavior includingRead MoreChildhood Onset Schizophrenia And Its Effects1376 Words   |  6 Pagesdebilitating, devastating, and incurable mental disorders is one that is plagued by severely abnormal functions, disturbed behaviors and the likelihood to seriously diminish nearly all functionality of life—this disorder is known as schizophrenia. While extremely rare, schizophrenia can develop in childhood, sometimes as young as two to four years. This is referred to as childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). â€Å"Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a severe form of psychotic disorder that occurs at age 12 years orRead MoreCoun 646 Research Paper4382 Words   |  18 PagesEffects of Vulnerability Factors on Paranoid Personality Disorder Felicia Flemming-Brown COUN 646: Psychopathology and Counseling Liberty University Abstract Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed personality disorders with debilitating implications for individuals diagnosed; yet there is limited research regarding the etiology and genetic and environmental vulnerability factors available. The paper will provide a brief synopsis of PPD as well as evaluatingRead MoreFilm Summary: A Beautiful Mind588 Words   |  2 PagesA Beautiful Diagnosis The movie A Beautiful Mind is based on an award-winning novel of the same name, which is in itself based on the real-life story of mathematician and professor John Nash, whose mental brilliance paved his academic career. Starting with Nashs time in Princeton and his friendship with his roommate and literature student Charles, the movie tracks him through being contacted by the Department of Defense as a code-breaker a task which becomes an ever-greater obsession of NashsRead MorePersonality Disorders: What you should know. A way to think about a personality disorder is to1200 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality Disorders: What you should know. A way to think about a personality disorder is to think about someone who is complex because personality disorders are not a simple health concern. There is so much involved with these disorders. A person’s life can revolve around a personality disorder due to the fact that it is a mental issue. (Mayo Clinic, 2014). There is a stigma around the idea of mental disorder. People assume that a person with any type of mental disorder is dangerous or harmfulRead MorePersonality Theories Of Personality Disorders1497 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent theories of personality which scientists have developed in order to help explain how people think, feel, and behave. The trait theory of personality is one that attempts to explain personality by identifying patterns of behavior that include relatively stable characteristics which in turn causes individuals to consistently behave in particular ways (Funder, 2015). While personality may change due to different situations or states, the trai t theory proposes that overall personality characteristicsRead MoreA Profile Of Hamilton Albert Fish 2114 Words   |  9 Pagesa history of severe mental disorders: an paternal uncle who had been diagnosed with religious psychosis, a maternal uncle who was diagnosed with schizophrenia, and his mother claimed she had visions. Hamilton s siblings also had problems: his brother was confined to a state mental hospital, his sister was diagnosed with a mental affliction, and his youngest brother was slow-witted and an alcoholic(Wertham, 2012). In 1870, little was known about the lineage of schizophrenia , its sub-types, andRead MorePsychological Disorders And Obsessive Compulsive Disorder1123 Words   |  5 PagesPsychological disorder or mental disorder is a mind imbalance involving behaviors, thoughts and emotions that cause significant distress to self or other. Great distress means that the person is unable to meet their needs, is a danger to himself and others, or the person is unable to function properly. There are various categories of psychological disorders including, anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder, dissociative disorder, mood disorder, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, personality disorders

Science of Sex Appeal free essay sample

As humans, we are driven by forces of inherited behavior and instinct that has been passed down through thousands of years of evolution. We are genetically programmed to look for qualities in another person that we think would result in the best offspring. There are certain queues given off by the opposite sex that the brain subconsciously processes and then computes. From the way that person walks to the way their face is shaped, our brain is constantly processing the people we come in contact with to make one ultimate decision: Is this person a good genetic match for the most viable offspring, or not? So how much control do we actually have when it comes to falling in love? The concept of having no control of who we fall in love with is frightening to some people, and rightfully so. As people, we want to believe that we have freewill, that the decisions we make are made on our own accord or are based off of decisions we have made previously. We want to believe that there are mystic forces at work bringing us to our ultimate soulmate, and above all, we want to believe that we have the ability to choose a partner on our own. The more humans learn about the brain and the body, the more we can see that choosing a partner is less of choice than we would like to believe. While no one is certain about the meaning of life, we are certain that it is a process of constant progression. This process is known as natural selection. Animals mate and either thrive or die based on the Theory of Natural Selection, which says that animals will mate with an individual that will provide the most viable offspring. Humans are no different. While we may not know it, our primal instincts are at work even when we dont want them to be. Our brains are constantly scanning individuals to find if they are a suitable match to reproduce with. So what are driving these uncontrollable neurological sparks we call attraction? The answer is simple, hormones. Both genders have sex specific hormones that attribute to their reproductive health. In females, the hormone that indicates how fertile she may be is called estrogen, and in males the hormone that determines the amount of viable sperm he may have is called testosterone. The higher the hormone level in an individual, the more reproductively healthy they are and the more likely they are to make strong offspring, thus making them more attractive. How does the brain determine who has a higher amount of reproductive hormones? And how much control, if any, do we really have? Lets start at the beginning, where our first assessment of another individuals human reproductive health is initially determined, the face. Where does the science of sex appeal begin? How do these primal instincts get triggered? The first feature noticed by an admirer of any sorts is the face. There are several criteria for an appealing face, but the foundation on which the decision of an attractive face is formed is on the proportions of the face (Taflinger). This concept is known as the Golden Rule, devised by the Ancient Greeks who referred to it as the the equation of perfection. Throughout nature this rule can be seen with everything from your fingers being divided into three parts to the ratio of plant to stem on a leaf. Were drawn to figures that display their proportions in thirds, whether it be three equal parts or a one-third to two-third ratio, and the same is true for faces. People tend to be drawn to individuals that display well proportioned taces, such as the width of one eye being equidistant to the space in between the eyes, and that distance being proportional to the lips (Science of Sex Appeal). After evaluating the roportions of the face our brain determines the attractiveness of the person based on their sex. Lisa DeBrine, a psychologist at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland researches different aspects of the face and has determined what makes mens faces attractive to females and vise-versa (Science of Sex Appeal). Women with higher levels of hormones such as progesterone and estrogen appear to be more feminine, having a pointed Jaw, high cheek bones and eyebrows, and full lips. These qualities indicate that she has a healthy reproductive system and could have a healthy child ithout any problems. With men, a broad face with a strong Jaw bone indicates high levels of reproductive hormones, thus making men with these qualities more appealing to women. The more accentuated these qualities are, the more seemingly attractive that person is, making it easier to find a mate. What do the individuals do whose faces dont match the golden rule? Are they destined to be alone? Of course not. The Golden Ratio is merely a guideline for what is considered to be an attractive face, but if an individual doesnt have the proportions set by the perfect equation, hey sense that and their brain will match them up with a person on a similar level of attraction (Los Angeles Times). To test this theory Doug Kenrick, a psychologist and researcher at Arizona State University, conducted a study to test if individuals would pair up with someone considered to be on the same caliber of sex appeal as them. He pulled ten men and ten women, then dressed them as similarly as possible, making them all wear fitted swim caps and neutral clothing. He then asked each of them to rate the ten members of the opposite sex on a scale of one to ten, then averaged the scores of each subject ogether to get their mean sex appeal. The two groups then met in the same room and were asked to find a mate with a person whom they considered to be attractive. When the subject saw a person they liked, they extended their hand and if the person accepted their outreach then they were considered a pair. After everyone had a match, Kenrick looked at the average score of each couple and found that each person was within a point of their mate, meaning that each person started with the most attractive and worked their way down until they found someone that was equally as attractive. This affirms evolutions theory stating animals are meant to reproduce, and their bodies will let them know when they come in contact with someone that will provide the best chance of that reproduction. Obviously our faces arent the only contributing factor when it comes to determining if a person worthy of being our mate. When we look at a person not only does their face help us determine if we think theyre attractive, but their body as well. Men and women alike can appreciate a fit body displayed by the opposite sex, but why do we find these body types attractive and what about these bodies make them attractive? Kerry Johnson, a human researcher at UCLA conducted a study to find what features men and women look at the most and why. Johnson showed several different men photographs of women and asked them to merely look at them. She tracked where the men were looking and for how long. She found that the men spent a good amount of time trying to determine the width of the body, especially at the n ps The men typically s tarted at the tace and then went to either shoulders tracing back and forth, to the breasts, and then progressed down to the waist and hips where they to lingered for a while longer, then traveled back up to the breasts Science of Sex Appeal). Johnson believes that the width of the body is a good determinant of how fertile the woman may be. Larger hips indicates that the woman is more capable of bearing healthy children, and this quality is attractive to men whether they mean for it to be or not. Larger breasts also indicate that the woman is past puberty and is probably very fertile, which is why fuller breasts are more desirable (Sprouse). Johnson conducted the same experiment for women and her findings were quite similar. Women tend to focus on the width of the man more than anything else, focusing on the broad shoulders. The broader the shoulders in men, the more testosterone they have, thus making them more appealing to women. Not only does the shape of the body appeal to our primal instincts, but the way our bodies move contributes as well. Men are drawn to women with defined hips that sway when they move while women are drawn to men that sway their shoulders. The more healthy the walk, the more our brains tell us that this person is healthy and would be able to take care of potential offspring the best (Moy). Not only does our brain rely on sight when finding a good genetic partner, it relies n our other senses to contribute to this decision as well. Just like we cant help what our eyes see and our brain processes to be attractive, we cant help what our ears hear and if our brain will interpret that voice as being attractive or not. Whether we know it or not, our brain can hear a person talk and know whether or not they are fit to be our mate. When a person speaks, sings, or even shouts our brains interpret the voice as being either desirable or undesirable based on the tones the voice gives off (Sullivan). Men who have deeper voices are more appealing to women because a eep voice gives a sign that the male released a lot of testosterone at puberty and would be more desirable to procreate with. Men find women that have higher voices attractive for similar reasons. When a woman has a high voice, this means that the women had a flux of estrogen at puberty and is more fertile, making for a better mate (Science of Sex Appeal). If estrogen makes the voice more appealing, does this mean when a women has higher levels of estrogen her voice is more appealing? In fact, it does. According to a study conducted by David Fienburg men are more attracted to a omans voice more when she is ovulating because her voice is a bit higher. This means that when a woman is at her peak time for conceiving a child, she is attracting more males because she is seemingly more attractive due to how fertile she is at that time of month. Our voice is something that we are born with, a feature of ourselves that we have no control over, yet it determines so much of how we live our lives. Not only are our voices being subconsciously processed by the brains of our potential mates, but the natural body odor we emit is also being analyzed by people we come into contact with. This most primitive form of attracting a mate actually works out in the womans favor. The natural hormone our body releases are called pheromones, and our body secretes them to help while on the hunt for a mate. Men release a pheromone called androstenone that women typically find unappealing. To a woman, androstenone smells like musk at first and then proceeds to smell like urine, however when a woman is ovulating androstenone shifts from a repulsive smell to an appealing one (Wikipedia). However, the scent a woman picks up on a man is more complex than merely being attractive or unattractive. The Major Histocompatibility Complex or MHC is a major contributor when it comes to finding a person we consider to be attractive. MHC is a section of our DNA that determines which diseases our immune system is equipped to fght. The more two peoples MHC differ, the more they are likely to be attracted to that person. This is because if two people with completely different MHC genes had a child, this child would be more immune to more diseases, making it strong and likely to thrive (Wikipedia). For men, the ability to distinguish smells from being attractive or not is very different. When women are ovulating, they secrete a vaginal fluid called copulance and this secretion is found attractive by men, no matter who its coming from. In a study done by Rachel Hepworth, a pheromone research specialist at the University of Austria, she found that men rate women higher when they are subjected to low doses of copulance. She subjected men to photographs of women that were ranked as sixs and sevens, and then asked them to put on a mask which was releasing low levels of copulance and look at a series of photographs of women who were ranked as threes and fours. Despite the women having a significant lower rank, the men still ranked them as near perfect while inhaling the low amounts of copulance. This means if there are two women, one ovulating and the other not, a man that may have been more attracted to the woman not ovulating is genetically programmed to find the woman who is ovulating more attractive because she is more likely to conceive at that time. So why fall in love? What in your brain makes the feeling of love so intense that people keep coming back for the euphoric feeling that it offers? This is a question hat until recently researchers thought they had the complete answer to, but as it turns out there is more to the brain and the feeling of love than we thought. When a person is in love, every time they see or think about the person that is the object of their desire, a small dose of dopamine is released in the brain, giving a small feeling of complete happiness. The part of the brain that is activated by this feeling of elation and released the dopamine is called the ventral tegmental. This part of the brain is activated when youre participating in happy activities with your partner, such as sex. When researchers first started discovering the power of dopamine, they assumed that the feeling dopamine offered was the same in a person who is in love as a person who is in lust (Fisher). Recently, it has been discovered that another part of your brain is working when you are truly in love with a person. The other system at work is called the caudate nucleus. This is where many factors from our past experience and present environment combine with dopamine to produce and experience. This is the brain system that gets galvanized when you want, crave, and focus on something; when you try to win something. The mental difference between lust and love boils down to this one structure in the brain; lust is a thrill seekers high, one that fades with time. Falling in love rewards those who relentlessly pursue a goal- to be with their loved one. The ventral tegmental and caudate nucleus are two different brain systems, meaning you can feel the sex drive for somebody and not be in love with them, and you can be in love with somebody and never have had sex with them (Fisher). Its rare, but when both of these brain systems work together the out come is a strong love coupled with a sense of reward that you achieved a goal hat keeps people coming back tor more. A tremendous fear when it comes to love that people share is the possibility of their partner not stay faithful. This seems to be a common fear in women, however biologically women are more prone to promiscuous tendencies than society would like to believe. A common misconception in todays world is that when a person commits an act of infidelity in a relationship it is rarely the man who is the victim. Science contradicts this misconception. When choosing a partner, women are biologically programmed to find a person who will provide the most stability and who xudes the best qualities to raise offspring. While these traits are biologically attractive to women, it doesnt mean these qualities will be satisfactory forever. A woman may engage in unfaithful behavior if the long term partner she is with does not also possess those sexy traits that are indicators of good genes, and she is ovulating (Perrett). Researchers have found that women who actually had a long term partner but went out dancing with a friend other than their partner, sent out the most sexual signals. They exposed most of their skin, and moved most attractively. Women who were ovulating were the most flirtatious and women who were ovulating and had a steady partner were the most flirtatious of all. Does this mean there is always an underlying tinge of the desire to be unfaithful in a relationship? Just like there are hormones driving infidelity, there are also hormones driving monogamy. Its very rare when a species mates for life, only mere three percent of animals participate in this kind of monogamy. An animal that is known to spend their lives with one mate is the North American prairie vole. Scientists have conducted MRI scans on voles that had mates versus moles that did ot. After comparing the brains of monogamous male voles, they found high levels of a hormone called vasopressin; promiscuous male voles had drastically lower vasopressin levels. Likewise, vasopressin is the monogamy prone hormone in males too. Just like there is a monogamy hormone specific in men, there is also a a hormone specific in women called oxytocin (Science of Sex Appeal). This hormone is in all women that have tendencies of being in long term relationships. The reason women are notorious for being heartbroken or are the ones being left is because the ajority of women release this hormone due to evolution telling us that women are designed to bare children. Women want to stay with their significant other as long as possible to fulfill their evolutionary duty to procreate and care for those children. Also, in most cases when women release dopamine they also release oxytocin, affirming they are happy and want to continue this happiness by staying with the person causing this release of Joyous hormones (Encyclopedia Britannica Online). It happens everyday. Someone catches your eye for a reason that may be unknown to you. For some reason, youre attracted to the shape of their eyes or the placement of their Jaw. Our most primal instincts are drawing us to these features and we have no control over it. The concept that we may Just be walking chemical reactions can be disheartening and frightening to some; However, fright shouldnt be the first emotion that is associated with this concept. This idea should be elating to us. By biology and evolution driving your social interactions, all you have to do is be well equipped for conversation. If the biology is right then everything else will fall into place. The mere sound of a voice, or that fact that a woman may be ovulating at that time could mean sne draws in many and can take ner pick. There are many aspects of the brain and sex appeal that have yet to be uncovered by biologists and researchers. We may never know the full scope of what truly attracts men and women to each other, and we may continue evolving to be attracted to completely different things centuries from now. The brain is a very temperamental organ that will probably never truly be understood. What can be taken away from this issue is that its happening everyday, every time you look at someone and there is no topping it. The best we can do is appreciate the complexity of how the brain and body work together and to continue the lineage of people for generations to come. As Darwin said, We are ever changing beings, evolving to survive and procreatewhat happens in between in irrelevant. Abstract What draws humans to one another and what are the driving forces that bring people together? Everyone can agree that there are certain qualities that are more attractive to a person than others, but why those features are attractive is another story entirely. In this research, I will attempt to convey how the brain processes hysical features of a person and how it uses that analysis to determine whether or not they are a good fit for you form a biological stand point. From this the real question arises: Do we have any control over how our mate is chosen? As people we want to believe that we do, but as humans the fact of the matter is, how attractive we are to another human being is predetermined in the womb and we usually have very little control over who deems us worthy to mate with or not. How do we cope with this fear of not having control? Is there a way to cope with it? These questions are the ones I plan on finding the answers to.

The Similarities Between Classical Music free essay sample

Before Duke Elongations Cotton Club performances, Jazz play on the radio was delegated for late night audience only. This sub-culture treatment has led many critics to disregard the Jazz movement as a dance craze, or unsuccessful recreations of Classical pieces. This slandering faze has not only created a false image Of the music, but it has also lead to a full disconnection between the two genres. It is for this reason that I propose in my paper to show the relationship between these two musical categories. My hopes in demonstrating these similarities is to disassemble the schism of ignorance built between the two, and place both Jazz and Classical music on equal footing. Critics of Jazz have always perpetuated this schism by utilizing the reasoning behind Jazz, that of it being a free form interpretation, to question the legitimacy of calling a Jazz leader a composer. For how can one be styled as a proper composer and still remain true to the Traditional Jazz concepts?The classic composer has at their disposal highly skilled musicians who are trained to work within professional bodies, such as a symphony orchestra or string quartet, and who then relies on the efficiency of these professionally rained bodies to interpret his scores as he sees fit. We will write a custom essay sample on The Similarities Between Classical Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On the surface this appears to run contradictory to the Jazz composer whom, Has to write for specific combinations which do not exist until he brings them into being, and to rely on highly individual executable whose personal style must be blended together to give expression to his own ideas their individuality. Yet to interpret this blending of highly individualistic sounds as proof of a schism between this and the rigidly structured Classical composer is a false impression. This fallacy can be attributed to overemphasized the sporadic and improvisational aspects of Jazz and refusing to address the simplistic question of how much room is there for personal interpretation within the context of composed writing?Complete artistic improvisational is only accomplished by the single performer, but Yet the moment a group or a collective improvisational steps in some relatively simple and more or less inflexible convention becomes essential if mere chaos is to be kept at bay. 3 This is why Duke Elongations Orchestra played such an integrate role in his development Of musical scores. It is here that we e the originality of Duke Elongation, for in his tailoring a piece around the performer, he created the impression of pure interpretations within the framework of structure.As Duke once said, Another theory they hold is that there is such thing as a unadulterated improvisation without any preparation or anticipation. It is my firm belief that there has never been anyone who has blown even two bars worth listening to who didnt have some idea what he was going to play, before he started4 This is an important aspect to bear in mind for this argument, for the mistake that Classical critics make is this extortion of the improvisational aspect to such extremes that one would believe that no compositional writing takes place.While obviously some improvisation happens in Jazz assembles, it is not that extreme, and in Elongations case this improvisation of certain musicians was actually written in the piece. Elongation work is centered on the interplay between written and improvised music. 5 As one can see both types of composers utilize their musicians to express theyre given message and while it is through this utilization that subtle differences arise, it is hardly enough to claim this schism.To most people the infusion of African tonality into Duke Elongations music to create Negro art, questions the connection between European music and Jazz. Here Constant Lambert responds to this. If anyone doubts the essential element of European sophistication in Jazz, it is a simple matter for his to compare a typical piece of Jazz, such as Duke Elongation Swampy River, first with a lyric by Grief and then with a record of African music. It must be clear to even the most prejudiced listener that apart from a few rhythmical peculiarities the Elongation piece has far more in common with the music ofGrief6 One must understand that even when Duke infused the two tonalities of music; he still was obligated to work within guidelines of the European Harmonic tradition. 7 Yet by him keeping with this tradition he is not obligated to write music in the form of previous composers such as Stravinsky, Mozart, or Bach, for to do that would delegate Elongations music as a duplicate work. Here is the contradiction, for no Classical composer has ever been chastise for creativity in their sound, and yet how do you explain the criticism of Elongations work?The intentional fusing of African and European tonality is nothing more than a continuation of numerous inventive techniques used by musicians as seen in the changing sounds and techniques of Classical music over time? Thus to criticize Duke for his originality one would also have to condemn original composers such as Debussy, whos use of the whole-tone scale, instead of the traditional scale of Western music, allowed him to achieved a new nuances of mood and expression.Music is a universal aspect in which the inherit purpose of composing is expression. In Don Giovanni Mozart treats the interplay Of social and sexual tensions with men insight into human character that transcends the comic framework, just as Die Jabberer ¶et (1791) transcends, with its elements of ritual and allegory about human harmony and enlightenment, the world of the Viennese popular theatre from which it springs8 As one can see this expression of the artist is relevant to Classical music, but can the sa me be said about Jazz?Some critics explain Jazz is nothing more than entertainment, and yet in this declaration these critics overlook the implication of the music. The purpose of Jazz is to express the conditions of the time, and for a critic to denote that he music cannot do so is not only ridicules but logically incorrect. First of all, who knows more about an artists music than the said artist? We know that Don Giovanni has meaning to it because of the authors intended purpose, thus for Duke Elongations music to have the same type of meaning he must state it, and for which he does. Question is always being asked whether Jazz music will ever be accepted seriously. I think so; and it has to be accepted as serious music because it is the only type which describes this specific serious music is supposed to be descriptive of a period, then Jazz will have to be used o describe this, the Jazz age. Since I think Jazz is serious thing, I must be serious in my choice of song titles. 9 Thus one can see the purpose of Elongations music is to describe the era in which he lives in, very similar to the Classical era composers and the Romantic era composer s.In response to the enjoyably of Elongations music, I admit that Elongations music has melody in which patrons danced to, but the dance-ability of the music is not inherent but rather an interpretation by the targeted audience. As Duke once indicated, No notes represent swing. You ant write swing because swing is the emotional element in the audience. 10 The dance-ability of Jazz cannot be used as a distinguishing character, because one can always point to ballet, the waltz, or other manners of dance perpetuated against the backdrop of classic music.Last, large amount of spectators not only dance to Classical music but attend concert halls to listen to their performer, is this critic also indicating that in hearing Classical music one does not find enjoyment? As one author indicates, Like Mozart he, (referring to Duke Elongation) wrote music specifically designed for dance and encore and, again like Mozart, fudged the distinction between the two by the originality and consistency of his vision. 11 Thus as one can see that both Jazz and Classical music are reflection of their artists ideals and social conditions, while also consisting of an enjoyable element to their audience.In this ongoing analysis betwe en the similarities of Elongation and Classical music, one must bear in mind the fundamental composition of all music. The basic elements found in the composition of all musical sound is melody, harmony, tone color, texture, rhythm, and form. While all music is created through imbibing these elements, the unique sound of a specific musical genre is dependent upon the proportion ratio Of the mixture. 12 As one can see the originality of Jazz rests not in the creation of new elements, but rather with their unique utilization.An example of this can be seen in the accenting of rhythm in Jazz music thus leading some critics to refer it as Dramatic music. In all honesty Jazz is neither more or less rhythmic than any other types of music, it just simply uses rhythm in a different manner. 13 One of the clearest examples between of this link that I have been freeing to can be seen in Elongations relationship with Delis. Yet Before I make the comparison between Elongations Jazz and Delis European impressionism and lyrical romanticism, a note must be made. M in no way inferring that either composer played an integrate part in the development of the others style. Elongations sensitive impressionism shows considerable development before his actual encounter with Delis, and there is little proof that Elongations style would have changed if he had not even encountered Delis work. The real connection between these two is in the way they both utilize the impressionist technique in their music. Delis close adherence to the impressionist view can be seen in his focus on the mood or emotion stimulated by a scene.Elongations focus on reactions to events indicates how both composers place the personality of themselves at the center of their piece. On a more subtle scale, it is well known that Delis was an admirer Of early minstrel shows of the 19th century. 14 These shows were the only theatrical medium in which gifted blacks performers of the period could support themselves and play their music. In them we see the employment of read blues singers such as Ma Rained and Bessie Smith. Yet contrary to their own propaganda, minstrel shows musical repertoire has an only quasi-black influenced, not the full integration that is often portrayed. 5 The connection of this music can also be seen as the embracing of the African slave culture, while the extent of this embracement is arbitrary, the influence is still there. Yet like Gershwin this employment of the African tonality is not as pronounced in Delis, and yet the concept still advocates an unseen bridge between Classical and Elongation. While on the surface it may appear that the influence that ragtime played on Jazz has no relevance in this comparative analysis, the truth is ragtime is very much European.While it is common knowledge that European marching bands had immense influence on the development of ragtime,16 1 have decided to focus on the role of syncopation rhythm. This is made up of two essential elements, first in the placement of stress on a weak beat, and the second is the creation of a strong impulse on a subdivision of a beat, called an in-between beat. Now weak beats and in-between beets are also known electively as off beats, hence the rationale on why syncopated rhythm is referred to as a offbeat rhythm. Yet the important factor to remember is, musicians have always employed this type of rhythm as a stylistic method, with the only differential aspect in regards to rag time is the employment on a large-scale basis. Yet to the regard Of many critics, a full composition cannot be based solely on this rhyme, thus only difference in the ragtime implications and that of Classical music is the extent of the utilization. Now that we have made the connection between ragtime and Classical the question is now asked, does such a relationship exist for Elongation?If one wanted to see the contribution of ragtime on Elongation, all they had to do was look at his first piece ever composed, Soda Fountain Rag. Elongations early life was spent in the company of the great ragtime pianist whose impact on him as a musician is unfounded. As Elongation himself indicated, Those ragtime pianists sounded so good to me, and they looked so good! Particularly when they flashed their left hands. 17 As one can see, while syncopated rhythm is an integral aspect of Jazz, it is in no way limited only to his musical category.